Which of the following is false? People don't use self-change techniques because:
a. they don't think the techniques will help.
b. they don't believe they can really attain the goal.
c. they receive too much feedback from others.
d. they observe and take credit for only failures.
C.
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Roger has been convicted of sexually assaulting several young children. In prison he undergoes aversion therapy. He is presented with pictures of young children while receiving unpleasant electric shocks. Eventually, pictures of young children become aversive stimuli. In this procedure, the electric shocks are described as
a. unconditioned stimulus. b. conditioned stimulus. c. conditioned response. d. unconditioned response. e. neutral stimulus.
For some strange reason, a music teacher gives students a vocabulary test before deciding what the right musical instrument is for each student. The vocabulary test gives consistent results, but the students are rarely happy with the instrument they play. The problem is that the vocabulary test ____
a. is valid but not reliable b. has excessive reliability c. is neither reliable nor valid d. is reliable but not valid
Regarding latent learning, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Just satisfying curiosity can be enough to reward latent learning. b. Latent learning remains hidden until reinforcement is provided. c. Latent learning is directly associated with respondent conditioning. d. In humans, latent learning is related to higher-level abilities, such as anticipating future reward.
Although psychology contains diverse subfields and approaches, two factors provide unity. One of these factors is that
A. psychologists' interests, activities, and values are not unified. B. every psychologist performs research in many subfields of psychology. C. psychologists in every subfield draw on and contribute to knowledge from other subfields. D. psychologists use speculative methods instead of empirical methods.