Which symptom is considered a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
a. Nausea c. Impaired vision
b. Seizures d. Frequent urination
ANS: D
Hallmarks of diabetes mellitus are glycosuria, polyuria, and polydipsia. Nausea and seizures are not clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Impaired vision is a long-term complication of the disease.
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Television ads that are created by drug companies cannot always answer patients' questions. What is the term for television ads created for patients?
a. Direct-to-consumer advertising b. Direct visual teaching advertising c. Limited-content advertising d. Limited-focus advertising
A client tells the nurse that the thought of eating makes her anxious and nervous, and she just avoids it altogether. Which is the priority when planning care for this client?
A) Instruction on the role of nutrition in normal menstruation B) Instruction on the importance of nutrition for vital signs and muscle tone C) Interventions to address anxiety and feelings of being in control D) Instruction on appropriate nutritional intake
In the labor room, meconium-stained amniotic fluid is noted related to intrauterine growth restriction with accompanying abnormal fetal heart rate patterns. The most appropriate nursing action to minimize meconium aspiration syndrome is to
a. inform the nursery that the high-risk baby may be arriving soon b. prepare for cesarean delivery c. provide oxygen via facial mask d. request that a pediatrician or respiratory therapist be present for the delivery
M.M., a 76-year-old retired schoolteacher, is postoperative day 2 after an open reduction and internal
fixation (ORIF) for a fracture of his right femur. His preoperative control prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) was 11 sec/1.0 and his activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was 35 seconds. He has been on bed rest since surgery. At 0800, his vital signs (VS) are 132/84, 80 with regular rhythm, 18 unlabored, and 99° F (37.2° C). He is awake, alert, and oriented with no adventitious heart sounds. Breath sounds are clear but diminished in the bases bilaterally. Bowel sounds are present and he is taking sips of clear liquids. He is receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of d5 ½ NS at 75 mL/hr in his left hand, and orders are to change it to a saline lock this morning if he is able to maintain adequate oral fluid intake. He has orders for oxygen (O2) to maintain Spo2 over 92%, but he has been refusing to wear the nasal cannula. His laboratory work shows Hct, 34%; Hgb, 11.3 mg/dL; K, 4.1 meq/L; aPTT, 44 sec. Pain is controlled with morphine sulfate 4 mg IV as needed every 4 hours, and he has promethazine (Phenergan) 25 mg IV q4h if needed for nausea. He is receiving heparin 5000 units subcutaneously bid, taking docusate sodium (Colace) PO once daily, and wearing a nitroglycerin patch. At 1830 you answer M.M.'s call light and find him lying in bed breathing rapidly and rubbing the right side of his chest. He is complaining of right-sided chest pain and appears to be restless. What will you do? What will be an ideal response?