A patient tells the nurse that he's happy that his wife did not "catch" the same cold from which he has recently recovered. The nurse realizes that what most likely occurred in his wife?
1. Release of cytokines
2. Proliferation of CD 8 cells
3. T-helper 1 stimulation to kill unidentified cells
4. T-helper 2 memory of a previous exposure to the same virus that caused the patient's illness
4
Rationale 1: Cytokines are chemical messages that are produced by cells and communicate with other cells in the body. Cytokine release would have occurred if the wife did catch the cold.
Rationale 2: CD 8 cells slow or stop the immune response.
Rationale 3: T-helper 1 cells help upregulate immune activity and produce chemicals to destroy mutant cells. This may have occurred, but this is not the most complete answer.
Rationale 4: T-helper 2 cells stimulate B cells to make antibodies to specific antigens. These cells then have a "memory" of exposure that will lead to a quick response if another exposure occurs. The wife must have had a previous exposure to the same virus that caused the patient's cold, but because of the "memory," the body immediately eliminated the cold virus.
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Which council would the nurse join in order to participate in establishing practice standards for a workgroup? a. Education council c. Clinical practice council b. Quality council d. Management council
While talking with a pregnant woman who has undergone genetic testing, the woman informs the nurse that her baby will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of:
A) Multifactorial inheritance B) X-linked recessive inheritance C) Trisomy numeric abnormality D) Chromosomal deletion
Which of the following assessment skills is MOST important for the nurse who practices in prisons to be able to recognize?
a. problems in family functioning b. signs of impending drug withdrawal c. psychopathic manipulative behaviors d. hypochondriac behaviors
What does the D in the nursing process stand for?
A. Documentation B. Duration C. Database D. Diagnosis