The joint angle decreases in
a. abduction. c. flexion.
b. plantar flexion. d. retraction.
C
Flexion is bending of a joint so that the articulating bones on either side of the joint are moved closer together. The change in joint angle is decreased in flexion. Abduction is moving the extremity medially and toward the midline of the body. The joint angle is decreased. Plantar flexion is moving the foot at the ankle so that the toes move away from the chest, and the joint angle is increased. Retraction is the moving of a body part posteriorly along its own axis (parallel to the ground) with no change in the joint angle.
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