The idea that intelligence declines throughout adulthood was
supported by early cross-sectional studies.
supported by early longitudinal studies.
proposed by Schaie and Baltes.
never seriously considered by psychologists.
supported by early cross-sectional studies.
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Montana and Sarah are playing cards. Montana has a great hand—four aces—while Sarah's hand is just average—a 2 of hearts, a 3 of spades, a 5 of spades, and a 7 of clubs. Even though the statistical probability of both hands is the same, many people (incorrectly) assume that Montana's exact hand is rarer than Sarah's exact hand. This common misconception stems most directly from the ____
a. base rate fallacy b. representativeness heuristic c. availability heuristic d. false consensus effect
Students often start looking at the clock on the wall of the classroom (or at their watches) just before the bell sounds to end the class. In this case, glancing at the clock (or watch) is reinforced on a(n) __________ schedule of reinforcement.
a. regular b. variable c. interval d. ratio e. constant
Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be __________
a) based on classical conditioning. b) deeply rooted in the innate unconscious of infants. c) based on the principle of observational learning. d) based on Skinner's analysis of positive reinforcement.
The strength of a correlation between two variables is referred to as
A) its negative coefficient. B) its positive coefficient. C) its causation. D) its magnitude.