Which medication would the nurse give to prevent renal reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the infant with pulmonary congestion secondary to congenital heart disease?
A) Prostaglandin
B) Loop diuretic
C) Inotropes
D) ACE inhibitors
B) Loop diuretic
Explanation: A) Prostaglandins are given to produce dilation of ductus arteriosus in ductal dependent lesions.
B) Loop diuretics are used to treat pulmonary congestion by preventing the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- in the loop of Henle.
C) Through activation of adrenergic receptors, heart rate and force of cardiac contraction increase, inotropes result in an increase in cardiac output and an increase in blood pressure in heart failure and shock.
D) ACE inhibitors inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, resulting in a decrease in systemic pressure, resulting in decreased cardiac afterload and increased cardiac output. These drugs also dilate veins, which decrease preload, thereby decreasing pulmonary congestion. They are indicated for high systemic or central pressures.
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A) True B) False
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