Which of the following diagnostic findings is likely to result in the most serious brain insult?
A)
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) that equals intracranial pressure (ICP)
B)
Moderate decrease in brain tissue volume secondary to a brain tumor removal
C)
Increased ICP accompanied by hyperventilation
D)
High intracellular concentration of glutamate
Ans:
A
Feedback:
When the pressure in the cranial cavity approaches or exceeds the MAP, tissue perfusion becomes inadequate; cellular hypoxia results; and neuronal death may occur. Displacement of CSF and blood can partially compensate for decreased brain tissue volume. Hyperventilation partially mitigates, rather than exacerbates, increase in ICP. Glutamate is normally in far higher concentrations intracellularly than extracellularly.
You might also like to view...
Why do drugs not reach the intestines as quickly in an older adult?
A. Enzymes lose effect with age. B. Peristalsis is weaker. C. There are fewer rugal folds. D. Atherosclerosis blocks the arteries.
A patient has been prescribed corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of severe osteoarthritis. The nurse evaluates that teaching about this drug is understood if the patient makes which statement?
1. "If I get sick and cannot take my medicine for more than 3 days, I will contact my health care provider." 2. "I will take my medication at the same time every day." 3. "I will take my medication with food or a meal." 4. "I will avoid dairy products while taking this medication." 5. "If I notice my vision is changing, I will contact my health care provider."
IVIG has been ordered for the treatment of a patient with an immunodeficiency. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform before administering this blood product?
A) Ensure that the patient has a patent central line. B) Ensure that the IVIG is appropriately mixed with normal saline. C) Administer furosemide before IVIG to prevent hypervolemia. D) Weigh the patient before administration to verify the correct dose.
A resident asks you for a kiss. What should you do?
a. Give the person a kiss. b. Be supportive and understanding. c. Tell the person that this behavior makes you uncomfortable. d. Check the care plan.