A researcher has limited time and funds. Which of the following research designs would be most appropriate?
a. Cohort study
b. Incidence study
c. Longitudinal study
d. Retrospective study
ANS: D
Because longitudinal, cohort, or incidence studies are costly in terms of resources and staff and often lose subjects over time, a retrospective study may be used because it is faster and less demanding of resources.
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A client with human immune deficiency virus infection is hospitalized for an unrelated condition, and several medications are prescribed in addition to the regimen already being used. What action by the nurse is most important?
a. Consult with the pharmacy about drug interactions. b. Ensure that the client understands the new medications. c. Give the new drugs without considering the old ones. d. Schedule all medications at standard times.
A patient refuses to participate in a research study for an experimental medication. By accepting the patient's decision, the nurse is exercising which ethical principle?
1. Respect for persons 2. Justice 3. Informed consent 4. Beneficence
Which assessment question is most important to ask a patient who is prescribed clonazepam (Klonopin) before administering the first dose?
a. "Do you smoke cigarettes?" b. "How many seizures do you have daily?" c. "Have you ever had high blood pressure?" d. "Do you currently have an open sore or signs of an infection?"
A client has agreed to participate in a research study. Which of the following would constitute risk of harm to this client?
1. Withholding information about the study 2. Suggesting that participation would greatly benefit the client's financial situation 3. Giving the client false information about his or her participation 4. Providing the client's name as a participant in the study