To be able to establish cause and effect between variables researchers must have:

a. temporal precedence;
b. covariation of cause and effect;
c. statistical significance;
d. all of the above.


d. all of the above

Criminal Justice

You might also like to view...

Surveillance of an innocent person is legal

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

The culpable mental state of the offense of theft is the intent to deprive the owner of property

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding corrections as a career opportunity?

a. Correctional jobs areinteresting and can be an enjoyable career where there is rarely a boring day. b. Correctional agencies have frequent layoffs and therefore the jobs are not very stable. c. Correctional jobs can be difficult to perform, and not every person who is interested in corrections is suited for such work. d. Correctional jobs pay better than most people believe, and the benefits are often good.

Criminal Justice

How are modern juvenile courts different from adult criminal courts?

A. There are less procedural rights in modern juvenile courts. B. There is broader jurisdiction in juvenile courts. C. There are more procedural rights restrictions in modern juvenile courts. D. There is no difference between modern juvenile courts and adult courts.

Criminal Justice