Compare and contrast chemical, spatial, and temporal gradients as found in bacterial regulatory systems

What will be an ideal response?


Answer: Bacteria cannot sense spatial gradients of chemicals due to their small size, so they are capable only of determining a chemical gradient over time. The temporal changes of a chemical are sensed with a two-component system. In the example of chemotaxis, an attractant or repellant's presence, results in a change in activity of pre-existing flagella.

Biology & Microbiology

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How does the availability of milkweed plants affect the migration of monarch butterflies?

a. Without milkweed plants, the female monarch would starve. b. Without milkweed plants, the monarch larvae would starve. c. Without milkweed plants, the male monarch would starve. d. When milkweed plants are abundant, monarch predators would thrive e. When milkweed plants are abundant, the male monarch could not find a mate.

Biology & Microbiology

Cigarette smoke can affect the white blood cells that reside in our lungs, whose function is to

A) prevent emphysema. B) engulf foreign particles. C) enhance oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. D) maintain appropriate pH and moisture levels within the lungs.

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following words refer to the destruction of ALL living cells, spores, and viruses?

a. disinfection b. sterilization c. antisepsis d. sanitation

Biology & Microbiology

The proteins that must be matched as closely as possible between an organ donor and a recipient are the ________ proteins

A) clotting factor B) antibody C) cytokine D) MHC

Biology & Microbiology