In a hypothetical scenario, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has received a new replica of The Kilogram. It is weighed five times. The measurements are as follows, in units of micrograms above 1 kg: 114.3, 82.6, 136.4, 126.8, 100.7.
a. Is it possible to estimate the uncertainty in these measurements? If so, estimate it. If not, explain why not.
b. Is it possible to estimate the bias in these measurements? If so, estimate it. If not, explain why not.
(a) Yes, the uncertainty can be estimated with the standard deviation of the five measurements, which is 21.3 µg.
(b) No, the bias cannot be estimated, since we do not know the true value.
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