Dilated and engorged veins around the umbilicus are known as
a. Cullen's sign. c. Von Recklinghausen's disease.
b. caput medusae. d. Sister Mary Joseph's nodule.
B
The appearance of engorged or dilated veins around the umbilicus is known as caput medusae. This is associated with circulatory obstruction of the superior or inferior vena cava. In some cases, this condition is related to obstruction of the portal vein or to emaciation. In light-skinned individuals, a blue tint at the umbilicus suggests free blood in the peritoneal cavity and is known as Cullen's sign. Irregular patches of tan skin pigmentation (cafe au lait spots) may be attributed to von Recklinghausen's disease, a familial condition associated with the formation of neurofibromas. When the umbilicus appears as a nodule, it can be the manifestation of abdominal carcinoma with metastasis to the umbilicus. This is known as Sister Mary Joseph's nodule.
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