A patient hospitalized for orthopedic surgery had a urinary catheter inserted. The patient later develops a urinary tract infection (UTI) and asks the nurse what caused it. What is the appropriate response by the nurse?
a. "There was a change in the pH of your urine."
b. "You probably did not void frequently enough."
c. "Bacteria probably ascended the catheter, causing the infection."
d. "There are always bacteria on your perineum that enter your urine."
ANS: C
UTIs are almost always caused by an ascending infection, starting at the external urinary meatus and progressing toward the bladder and kidneys. Instrumentation, or having instruments or tubes inserted into the urinary meatus, is a predisposing cause. A. B. D. Change in urinary pH, infrequent voiding, and presence of bacteria are not predisposing causes for UTIs.
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