Which of the following best explains the hypothesized phenomenon of black hole evaporation?
A) Particles (or anti-particles) are created by a quantum mechanical effect near, but outside, the event horizon of the black hole. The law of conservation of energy maintains that the black hole must lose energy to "pay" for the creation of this mass.
B) Particles (or anti-particles) are occasionally ejected from within the event horizon, causing the black hole to lose mass.
C) Virtual particles created near the black hole are constantly annihilating each other, causing a high temperature even if the black hole has no accretion disk. This high temperature provides escape velocity for the virtual particles, causing the entire "cloud" of virtual particles to expand away into space.
D) Black hole evaporation is a virtual process, meaning that it has been theorized by astrophysicists, but doesn't really occur.
A) Particles (or anti-particles) are created by a quantum mechanical effect near, but outside, the event horizon of the black hole. The law of conservation of energy maintains that the black hole must lose energy to "pay" for the creation of this mass.
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Springs: A very light ideal spring of spring constant (force constant) 2.5 N/cm is 15 cm long when nothing is attached to it. It is now used to pull horizontally on a 12.5-kg box on a perfectly smooth horizontal floor. You observe that the box starts from rest and moves 96 cm during the first 1.6 s of its motion with constant acceleration. How long is the spring during this motion?
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
In x-ray machines, electrons are subjected to electric fields as great as 4.0 × 10^5 N/C. Find an electron's acceleration in this field. (me = 9.11 × 10^-31 kg, e = 1.6 × 10^-19 C)
a. 1.1 × 10^17 m/s2 c. 3.6 × 10^8 m/s2 b. 7.0 × 10^16 m/s2 d. 4.6 × 10^10 m/s2
A book is placed on a chair. Then a videocassette is placed on the book. The floor exerts a normal force
a. on all three. b. only on the book. c. only on the chair. d. upwards on the chair and downwards on the book. e. only on the objects that you have defined to be part of the system.
A 5.0-kg object is suspended by a string from the ceiling of an elevator that is accelerating downward at a rate of 2.6 m/s2 . What is the tension in the string?
a. 49 N b. 36 N c. 62 N d. 13 N e. 52 N