A. What is the difference between polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies? B. How is each produced?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Polyclonal antibodies are a mixture of antibodies of different specificities and affinities for a particular antigen. They are the product of numerous different B cells. Monoclonal antibodies have a single specificity and affinity for a given antigen. They derive from a single B cell.
B. Polyclonal antibodies are produced in vivo by immunizing an animal with antigen, allowing sufficient time for an immune response to occur and then preparing antiserum containing the antibodies from the blood. Monoclonal antibodies are made in vitro from individual cell lines derived from single B cells. This is achieved by producing a hybrid immortalized cell line through the fusion of an antibody-producing B cell with a myeloma tumor cell to produce an antibody-producing ‘hybridoma.' A hybridoma producing the desired antibody can then be cloned and grown on to produce unlimited amounts of monoclonal antibody.
You might also like to view...
The immunomodulator drug leflunomide (Arava), which is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, is not given to patients with decreased liver function because it has a very long half-life
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Explain the significance of "friends who use drugs" on adolescent drug use behavior.
What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following terms means pertaining to within the subarachnoid or subdural space?
A. Intrathecal B. Epidural C. Hypothalamic D. Intradural E. Interdural
The definition of the term crowning is
A. the involution of the uterus after childbirth. B. making an incision into the perineum. C. when the cervix is completely dilated. D. when the cervix is completely thinned out. E. when the presenting part of the fetus is visible at the vaginal opening.