Which of the following loses the greatest proportion of fluid each day?
1. Adolescent
2. Newborn
3. Infant
4. Adult
3
Rationale:
1. Adolescents have a smaller body surface area, and therefore have a lesser insensible water loss through the skin.
2. Newborn brain and skin occupy a greater proportion of body weight, and are high in interstitial fluid.
3. Infants have a high body surface area, which promotes fluid loss.
4. Adults' kidneys are mature, and therefore able to conserve water and electrolytes and fully assist in acid–base balance.
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