Which of the following activities should the perinatal nurse encourage women who come for preconceptional counseling to consider? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Choosing breastfeeding or bottle feeding
B.
Decreasing risk for exposure to toxoplasmosis
C.
Decreasing fetal risks related to the work environment
D.
Ensuring folic acid supplementation
E.
Ensuring iron supplementation
ANS: B, C, D
Folic acid supplementation helps to prevent certain birth defects. A fetus's exposure to harm could potentially be prevented if a woman were counseled prior to pregnancy about the adverse effects of alcohol, tobacco, toxoplasmosis, and other teratogens in her home or workplace. During the preconception period, it is too early for the woman to take iron supplements (unless she is anemic), and debating infant feeding methods is not the priority at this time.
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