Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?
A. X-rays
B. computers
C. the light microscope
D. the scanning electron microscope
C. the light microscope
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Mutation is defined as the:
a. change of the bacterial genotypes through the exchange of DNA from one cell to another. b. internal change in the original nucleotide sequence of a gene or genes within an or-ganism's genome. c. process by which genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons excise from one genomic location and insert into another. d. uptake of free DNA from the environment and recombination with the recipient's homologous DNA.
The selective advantage linked to the high frequency of the cystic fibrosis allele in Caucasians is:
a. an increased resistance to falciparum malaria. b. the prevention of excessive water loss associated with certain types of diarrhea. c. production of an enzyme to break down cholera toxin. d. increased mucous secretions for the removal of infectious cells. e. an increased probability of Salmonella infection.
Before being loaded into the phloem for translocation, the carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis must be
converted into which molecule? a. glucose b. fructose c. maltose d. sucrose e. galactose
All of the following are used by bacteria to attach to host cells EXCEPT
A) M protein. B) ligands. C) fimbriae. D) capsules. E) A-B toxins.