Which of the following statements is true of confidentiality and anonymity?
A) Confidentiality is implemented when a researcher cannot guarantee anonymity.
B) Confidentiality of participant information may occur during a research study whereas anonymity is required.
C) Confidentiality is a sign of respect for the participant by the researcher but anonymity is a legal issue.
D) Confidentiality procedures require a researcher to disclose illegal behavior whereas anonymity protects the researcher from disclosing a participant's illegal behavior.
A
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Anonymity, the most secure means of protecting confidentiality, occurs when the researcher cannot link participants to their data. When anonymity is impossible, appropriate confidentiality procedures need to be implemented. A promise of confidentiality is a pledge that any information participants provide will not be publicly reported in a manner that identifies them and will not be made accessible to others.
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