The nurse is caring for an elderly client. The nurse would expect which of the following bone to occur with aging?
1. No bone changes are associated with aging
2. Increased osteoblastic activity
3. Decreased calcium absorption
4. Increase in bone density
3
Rationale 1: As individuals age, physiologic changes take place in the bones, muscles, connective tissue, and joints. These changes may affect the older client's mobility and endurance. Bone changes include decreased calcium absorption and reduced osteoblast production.
Rationale 2: Bone changes associated with aging include reduced osteoblast production. Osteoblasts are the cells responsible for bone production.
Rationale 3: The rate of calcium absorption is reduced with aging.
Rationale 4: Reductions in calcium absorption and reduced osteoblast production will result in a reduction of bone density. These changes are associated with aging.
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A nurse who has achieved advanced education in primary care for a pediatric population and who is employed in a health clinic is functioning in the role of a:
A) Nurse practitioner B) Case co-coordinator C) Clinical nurse specialist D) Clinic supervisor
The nurse working in a physician's office admits a teen boy for a physical examination who was accompanied to the office by his mother. The nurse's best action is to:
1. Ask the adolescent if he would like his mother to accompany him to the examination room. 2. Instruct the mother that she will not be allowed in the exam room, but can join her son when the doctor has finished the exam. 3. Ask the mother if she wants to accompany her son to the examination room. 4. Allow the mother and son to reach their own decision without interfering.
A 62-year-old woman with high blood pressure is to begin long-term treatment with a thiazide diuretic that she thinks she will need to take for some time. What should the nurse expect to happen to her potassium and calcium levels?
A) Her potassium and calcium levels will not change. B) Her potassium and calcium levels will both go down. C) Her potassium level will drop, but her calcium level may rise. D) Her potassium level will rise, but her calcium level may drop.
Reproductive structures that have erectile tissue include the:
a. Labia majora and the scrotum b. Penis and clitoris c. Vestibule and epididymis d. Vas deferens and vagina