Describe negative pressure ventilation and positive pressure ventilation. What are the disadvantages of both?
What will be an ideal response?
Negative pressure ventilators were used to provide ventilation by generating a pressure gradient between the atmosphere and lungs. Air flows into the lungs and ventilation occurs when the pressure in the lungs becomes subatmospheric. Disadvantages of negative pressure ventilators include upper airway obstruction and lack of access for patient care. Modern ventilators generate the pressure gradient between the atmosphere and lungs by positive pressure. With positive pressure ventilation, the pressure in the airway opening is higher than that in the lungs. Some of the disadvantages of invasive positive pressure ventilators are tracheal injury, infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia, barotrauma, and prolonged hospital stay.
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Fat is the combination of fatty acids and:
A) steroids. B) cholesterol. C) glycogen. D) glycerol.
The medical director for your service has put you in charge of designing a new prehospital care report form. He states that it must contain the "minimum data set" as set forth by the U.S. Department of Transportation. In doing so, you realize that incorporating this data into your report form will:
A) increase EMS funding received from the federal and state governments. B) allow easier comparison of specific EMS data between various types of emergency systems. C) work toward creating a single report form for all EMS systems that handle emergency calls. D) permit easier tracking of motor-vehicle collisions so that hazardous roads and intersections can be identified.
Patient teaching conducted by the MA may include:
A) signs of infection. B) wound care. C) prescriptions. D) all of the above.
Which is a measure taken during a craniotomy to decrease blood loss?
a. Hyperthermia b. Lithotomy position c. Neuroradiology d. Controlled hypotension