A patient is advised to be tested for HIV because of his multiple sexual partners and injectable drug use. The nurse should ensure that this patient understands the test by informing him that:
a. The blood is tested with the highly sensitive test called the Western blot.
b. The blood is tested with an ELISA; if positive, it is tested again with an ELISA, followed by a Western blot if the second ELISA is positive.
c. A series of HIV tests is performed to confirm if the patient has AIDS.
d. If the HIV tests are seronegative, John can be assured that he is not infected.
B
The individual's blood is tested with ELISA or enzyme immunoassay (ELA), antibody tests that detect the presence of HIV antibodies. If the ELA is positive for HIV, then the same blood is tested a second time. If the second ELA is positive, a more specific confirming test such as the Western blot is done. Blood that is reactive or positive in all three steps is reported to be HIV-positive.
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The perinatal nurse reads in a chart that a woman has a lesion on her perineum. Where would the nurse assess this lesion?
A. Greater vestibular or vulvovaginal glands B. Skin-covered region between the vagina and the anus C. Small portion of tissue around the anus D. Small portion of tissue surrounding the vaginal opening
Emergency medical services arrive to the emergency department with a client who has a cervical spinal cord injury. Which priority assessment does the emergency department nurse perform at this time?
a. Level of consciousness and orientation b. Heart rate and rhythm c. Muscle strength and reflexes d. Respiratory pattern and airway
In regard to cultural sensitivity, the DSM-IV-TR:
a. does not address cultural sensitivity in any way b. has one axis designated for cultural data only c. alerts the clinician to evaluate each client's cultural frame of reference in the assessment d. provides a decimal point designation for each specific culture from a list of different cultures
R.M. begins a chemotherapy regimen of paclitaxel (Taxol) and cisplatin (Platinol). After receiving the
fourth course, she presents with shortness of breath, complaints of nausea, and early satiety with a recent weight loss of 10 pounds. Her abdomen is distended, and her Spo2 is 86% on room air. Her current CA-125 level is 328 units/mL. You are admitting her directly from the oncologist's office to the medical floor. Explain the significance of R.M.'s CA-125 level.