Both minisatellite repeats (10-100 bp) and microsatellite repeats (< 10 bp) are called variable number tandem repeats and are used for DNA fingerprinting to unambiguously identify specific individuals by their DNA. How does this technique work?
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Genomic DNA is isolated and digested by restriction enzymes that cut the DNA flanking the tandem cluster of repeats, but not within the repeats themselves. The digested fragments are separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, Southern blotted to a nitrocellulose membrane, and hybridized with a labeled nucleic acid complementary to the repeat sequence. Since there are hundreds of copies of the repeats and the clusters may occur on different chromosomes, many bands of different sizes are observed. The number of copies of the repeats in each cluster is highly variable, or polymorphic, among individuals, so it is unlikely than any two people would have the exact same pattern of bands. The pattern of bands is inherited from one's parents like any other genetic marker.
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By evaluating the genome sequences of ____________, it is possible to compare sequences of two closely related species and determine the original sequence probably present in the common ancestor
Fill in the blanks with correct word
Which of the following four statements is NOT
true? a. The location of the centromere is unique for each chromosome. b. Some spindle fibers become attached to kinetochores. c. The spindle apparatus is composed of protein molecules of tubulin. d. Some microtubules overlap at the spindle equator. e. All of these are NOT true
Which of the following mechanisms best describes the manner in which lysozyme lowers the energy required for its substrate to reach its transition-state conformation?
(a) by binding two molecules and orienting them in a way that favors a reaction between them (b) by altering the shape of the substrate to mimic the conformation of the transition state (c) by speeding up the rate at which water molecules collide with the substrate (d) by binding irreversibly to the substrate so that it cannot dissociate
The reverse transcription of HIV RNA utilizes host cell tRNA as a primer. Specifically, a tRNA for lysine is utilized. Would a drug that blocked the host cell synthesis of the tRNA for lysine be a good drug to prevent the HIV life cycle?
A. Yes, it should stop the reverse transcription of the HIV genome with few side effects. B. No, the virus would just use a different tRNA for priming. C. No, this would likely kill the cells that were drug treated, because they couldn't appropriately incorporate lysine into their proteins D. No, the priming function of the tRNA is not essential for the HIV life cycle.