Fossils of plants found in deeper geologic layers do not show vascular tissues, while fossils in shallower geologic layers include some specimens with and some without vascular tissues. Thus, vascular tissue in plants is considered a ____ character.
a. ancestral
b. homoplasious
c. primitive
d. derived
e. physiologically essential
ANSWER: d
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What will be an ideal response?
Species turnover on islands has been observed to be low. What does this suggest about succession on islands?
A. The species that initially colonize islands are random. B. Facilitation is of minor importance on islands. C. The dominant, more important species tend to go extinct during succession on islands. D. Succession on most islands proceeds in a relatively predictable manner.
Which tree species was most often killed by A. ostoyae in control forests? Which was least affected by the fungus? For the most affected species, what percentage of deaths did A. ostoyae cause in control and in experimental forests? Looking at the overall results, do the data support the hypothesis? Does stump removal reduce effects of A. ostoyae? These data best support the hypothesis that:
1.Armillaria ostoyae acts as a parasite of living trees because it draws nutrients from them.
2.Pine trees had the highest overall mortality rate
3.Birch trees were rare in this forest.
4.Stump removal reduced the effects of A. ostoyae.
Heterozygotes with the genotype HbA/HbS have
a. sickle cell anemia. b. malaria. c. blood type AS. d. Fanconi's anemia. e. sickle cell trait.