One threat to a study's validity is the possibility of reactivity, which refers to the tendency for participant to change their behavior when they
a) want to sabotage the study.
b) realize they are being observed.
c) are told the results are confidential.
d) receive excessive compensation for their efforts.
b
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Intentional teaching introduced by Epstein (2007)
Exorcism involves ____
a. increasing one's activity level so that, by becoming fit, a person's body can recover from a physical or mental illness b. chipping a hole in the skull of a person believed to be possessed by demons c. praying and chanting over or flogging and starving a person to cast evil spirits out of the body d. examining the brains of people who have severe mental disorders
When choosing toys, children are especially affected by
a. the toy's label as a girl or boy toy. b. the gender of the person seen playing with the toy. c. parents' assurances that it is okay to play with the toy. d. their own gut feelings about whether the toy is proper.
Intrapersonal skills include _______________
a. judgments of others b. managing one’s own behavior c. being kindness to others d. managing the behaviors within a group