Which of the following statements is an accurate description of the universal suffrage movement?
a. It began shortly after the Civil War when President Andrew Johnson permitted whites to determine how the South would reconstruct itself, and in response southern governments created laws to maintain white power, including laws to keep blacks from voting.
b. It began in the 1950s with grassroots mobilization involving powerful speeches, nonviolent methods of protest, and boycotts to draw attention to the lack of civil rights among people due to the lack of universal suffrage.—
c. Beginning in the early twentieth century, groups like the NAACP began advocating for universal suffrage through litigation in the courts.
d. Beginning in the nineteenth century, activists lobbied legislators, gave public speeches, organized protest marches and demonstrations, endured arrest and jail, and went on hunger strikes to draw attention to the need for it.
d
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African Americans constitute what percentage of the U.S. population?
a. 5 percent b. nearly 13 percent c. approximately 20 percent d. more than 25 percent
In 1815, the Congress of Vienna was like the Peace of Westphalia in that it
a. was convened at the behest of the Holy Roman Emperor. b. favored republicanism over dynastic succession. c. tried to take into account the appeal of the technological growth. d. learned from the failure of the old system and tried to revise it.
Which of the following is NOT true of Iran's economy prior to the Islamic Revolution?
a. Iran was an important member of OPEC. b. Iran was a major purchaser of arms, especially from the United States. c. Many landowners stopped growing food and turned to commercial export crops leading to several disastrous famines. d. The country became dependent on oil as a commodity that was subject to volatile market prices. e. Iran had significant trade relations with neighboring and other developing countries.
Gerrymandering contributes to the
A. increasing pattern of polarization between the two parties in the House. B. more compromise and bipartisan behavior in Congress. C. fewer advantages for incumbents. D. politics driven by ideology. E. Options A and D are true.