Which of the following most accurately describes the relationship between reliability and validity?
A) If a measure is reliable, it will be valid.
B) As reliability increases, validity decreases.
C) If a measure is not reliable, it cannot be valid.
D) There is no direct relationship between the two.
C
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Reliability and validity are not independent qualities of an instrument. A measuring device that is unreliable cannot be valid. An instrument cannot validly measure an attribute if it is erratic and inaccurate. An instrument can be reliable without being valid. An instrument's high reliability provides no evidence of its validity, but low reliability of a measure is evidence of low validity.
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