A patient of Japanese heritage avoids asking for narcotics for pain relief. The nurse writes a nursing diagnosis of "Pain related to reluctance to take medication secondary to cultural beliefs."
If the cultural archetype is true for this particular patient, this probably means that the patient views pain as:
1) A punishment for immoral behavior.
2) A part of life.
3) Best treated with herbal teas and prayer.
4) A virtue and a matter of family honor.
ANS: 4
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