The amount of variation explained by knowing which group a case belongs to is called:
a. Total Sum of Squares (TSS)
b. Within-group Sum of Squares (WSS)
c. Between-group Sum of Squares (BSS)
d. Sum of Squares (SS)
c. Between-group Sum of Squares (BSS)
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According to Jonathan Walters and Donald Kettl, the growing federal role in disaster assistance during the 1980s and 1990s contributed to
a. American presidents discovering the political benefits of distributing federal disaster relief to stricken areas. b. state and local governments becoming overly dependent on federal money for recovery from disasters. c. growing expectations at the state and local levels that the federal government will provide recovery assistance to states and localities after disasters. d. all of the above.
Which of the liberties protected by the Constitution illustrates the intimate relationship between individual and community life favored by the Constitution's framers?
A. right to bear arms B. freedom of religion C. protection from search and seizure D. freedom of speech E. freedom of assembly
George Lakoff argues that once the media has framed a story for the audience,
A. the issue itself becomes wholly discredited. B. agenda setting becomes more difficult. C. counterarguments become less effective in swaying the audience. D. the audience ceases to apply personal judgments to the issue.
What does the process of collective action tell us about why consensus is hard to come by?
a. Individuals want outcomes at their ideal points and refuse to engage in bargaining and compromise. b. Since power is dispersed across different institutions, there is a lack of coordination. c. Any legislation will have policy winners and losers when societal goals are at odds with individually rational actions. d. The system of separation of powers was not designed to handle the levels of polarization that exist in the current political system.