Phil visits a therapist for treatment of his depression. The therapist tells him that his
problems arise from a series of irrational beliefs about himself and about life which he
has developed over the years.
She says that to overcome the depression, Phil must
replace his irrational beliefs with rational self-talk. Phil's therapist is most similar to
______ in the way she conceptualizes his problem.
a. Ellis c. Skinner
b. Sullivan d. Kelly
A
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Vicarious reinforcement can have a significant impact on our behavior. It involves:
a. receiving a reward from others for behaving in a socially-approved manner b. seeing other people rewarded for their behavior and then imitating it c. having other people give us rewards when we are helpful d. being helpful and kind by giving rewards to others
Most researchers who investigate emotions believe there are more than six and they are complex. How does Robert Plutchik account for this complexity?
a) Eight basic emotions can be combined like colors. b) The number of emotions is unlimited and any attempt to list them is doomed to fail. c) Emotions can be described as either positive or negative; distinctions beyond this are not needed. d) The emotions experienced by an individual cannot be documented because emotions are subjective experiences.
Homes, teachers, friends, and caregivers are all examples of influences that are part of the ___________
a. macrosystem c. microsystem b. exosystem d. mesosystem
The self-fulfilling prophecy occurs because we often
a. work to revise our schemas when necessary. b. act based on our schemas. c. distort our perception of reality to support our schemas. d. abandon our schemas when we're under pressure.