In what ways do changes in oxygen concentration affect acid-base balance?
A. Oxygen deficiency results in increased carbon dioxide production and acidosis.
B. Oxygen deficiency results in increased carbon dioxide production and alkalosis.
C. Oxygen excess results in decreased carbon dioxide production and acidosis.
D. Oxygen excess results in decreased carbon dioxide production and alkalosis.
A
Under normal metabolic circumstances, carbon dioxide is produced as a by-product of metabol-ism. In health, the rate of carbon dioxide production is balanced by an equivalent rate of carbon dioxide loss. When insufficient oxygen is present, metabolism is anaerobic, leading to a produc-tion rate of carbon dioxide greater than the rate it can be excreted. The excess carbon dioxide results in an increase in hydrogen ions through the action of the carbonic anhydrase equation. Thus, oxygen plays a role in preventing excessive acid production. Under normal circumstances, oxygen has no role in promoting or preventing alkalosis.
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