To evaluate possible "bias" in a single test item, what evidence do psychologists examine?
a. If people take the same test twice, how many of them change their answer on this item?
b. Is the item among the easiest for one group and among the hardest for another?
c. Do most people answer the question correctly or incorrectly?
d. What percentage of all people fail to answer the question at all?
b
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Angelica and her younger brother Houston are both given three fountain pens, each containing clear ink, and are informed that some combination of ink will yield a color. Because Angelica is a formal operational thinker and Houston is a concrete operational thinker, how will their behavior likely differ? a. Angelica will spend more time thinking about the task and be more systematic when
attempting to solve it. b. Angelica will use a piece of paper to draw out the problem. c. Houston will only use two of the pens. d. Houston will watch how Angelica solves the problem and then repeat her steps.
Encapsulation allows an aging person to compensate for declines in underlying abilities.
a. true b. false
One of the hallmarks of the experimental method that makes it different from a correlational study is that in an experiment,
A. we observe what happens in the natural world. B. the researcher is unaware of the independent variable. C. a variable is manipulated in a way that would not have occurred naturally. D. there are multiple control groups.
Which of the following species has demonstrated the ability to communicate meaningfully with each other and with humans by the use of gestures, sounds or symbols?
a) chimpanzees b) dolphins c) parrots d) all of the above