Which statement is the LEAST consistent with the concept of roles?
a. How we behave in groups depends on our role in that group.
b. Sociologically, roles have an existence independent of individuals.
c. People generally act based on their personal values.
d. Roles are a part of the structure of a group.
c. People generally act based on their personal values.
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Compared to people who are sad or afraid, people who are happy or angry tend to ____
a. take fewer risks b. be more confident and optimistic c. be less likely to take a stand for what they believe in d. be better able to concentrate on information that is presented to them
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following statements is most accurate?
a. Repetition is the most important experience for promoting cognitive growth. b. Young children and adults approach problems using the same basic principles of logic and reasoning. c. Encounters with discrepancy promote the growth of logical thinking. d. Because they cannot use symbols, infants do not have the capacity for problem solving.
Which of the following statements regarding ethnic identity is true?
a. Self-esteem among minority children in the United States is consistently lower than that of Caucasian children. b. Comfort with one's own ethnic identity can lead to greater tolerance of other ethnicities. c. Ethnic identity and acculturation are synonymous terms in research. d. Preschool children prefer dolls that match their own ethnicity.
Research by Vinkers et al. (2004 ) and others suggests that the most important risk factor for depression in the elderly is:
a) A self-critical personality b) The lack of a good social network c) Bereavement due to loss of a loved one d) Daily life stressors