Which information will the nurse manager include when discussing the major differentiation be-tween delirium and dementia with novice nurses? (Select all that apply.)
a. The delirious client learns to make up an-swers to hide his or her confusion.
b. Delirium requires increased monitoring at night.
c. The client diagnosed with dementia gen-erally looks frightened.
d. Dementia results in a steady decline in cognitive abilities.
e. Delirium is characterized by fluctuations in alertness.
ANS: B, D, E
The correct options accurately describe the conditions. It is the client experiencing dementia who will over the course of the illness learn to confabulate to cover up his or her memory losses, and the delirious client is more likely to show fear through facial expressions.
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