A clinical psychologist examined the effect of a treatment designed to reduce the amount of cigarette smoking in the day room of an inpatient psychiatric facility. His treatment consisted of a several components to maximize its potential effectiveness (e.g., increasing the number of available activities; giving patients responsibility for care of the unit's plants, fish, etc.; the opportunity to exchange cigarettes for positive reinforcers). At the end of three months, his data indicated that cigarette smoking had declined significantly. Based on this, he is able to conclude that
A. any of the components, implemented by itself, would reduce smoking in the day room.
B. the treatment will work only when all of the components are present.
C. neither (A) nor (B)
D. both (A) and (B)
C. neither (A) nor (B)
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Armund is fearful of balconies and airplanes, which is negatively impacting his performance as a flight attendant. According to the DSM-5, his condition would be diagnosed as
a) Specific Phobia. b) Schizophrenia c) Major Depressive Disorder d) PTSD. e) Agoraphobia. f) Panic Disorder.
Providing affectional needs to infants
a. is not important until infants reach self-awareness. b. should be done sparingly since parents need to be careful not to "spoil" the infant. c. will not "spoil" the child because these needs are as important as physical needs. d. are not necessary until the child can speak and tell you his or her needs.
Correlational studies are designed to test if a relationship exists and if so, determine the cause.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Medea is experiencing a high level of stress and tries to create an altered state of consciousness where she will experience inner peace and tranquility. She does this by slowly repeating a soothing phrase to herself. Medea is using __________to reach a state of __________.
A. language; hypnosis B. language; dissociation C. a mantra; dissociation D. a mantra; meditation