Which of the following themes are common in the definitions of nursing? (Select all that apply.)
_______ Adaptive
_______ Client centered
_______ Goal directed according to the needs of the client
_______ Diagnosis and treatment of disease
_______ An art
_______ A science
Correct Answer: Adaptive, Client centered, An art, A science
Rationale : Adaptive; client centered; art; science; holistic; caring; concerned with health promotion, health maintenance, and health restoration; and a helping profession are themes that are common to many definitions formulated about nursing. In 1973, the American Nurses Association (ANA) described nursing practice as goal oriented and adaptable to the needs of the individual, the family, and the community (not just the client). In 1980, the ANA's definition was changed to "Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of the human responses to actual or potential health problems." Diagnosis and treatment of disease is a definition of the medical model.
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