The nurse explains that when the kidney suffers an autoimmune inflammatory reaction, the glomeruli lose their ability to function effectively. The nurse is describing the etiology of which problem?
a. Glomerulonephritis
b. Renal calculi
c. Hydronephrosis
d. Acute pyelonephritis
A
Glomerulonephritis occurs when the inflammatory process alters the effectiveness of the semi-permeable membrane in the glomeruli. Renal calculi are kidney stones; causative factions include urinary infections, inadequate fluid intake, and sluggish urine flow. Hydronephrosis results when flow of urine from the kidney is obstructed, and the kidney dilates and fills with fluid. Acute pyelonephritis an infection of the kidneys thought to occur when bacteria (such as Escherichia coli) from a bladder infection travel up the ureters to infect the kidneys.
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