What are the differences between symmetrical relationships and nonsymmetrical relationships? (Select all that apply.)
a. In a symmetrical relationship, a change in either variable produces a predictable change in the other; in a nonsymmetrical relationship, a change in only one of the variables produces a predictable change.
b. A symmetrical relationship possesses considerably less predictability than does a nonsymmetrical one.
c. A symmetrical relation explains both positive and negative changes in the value of either variable, but a nonsymmetrical one can explain only positive changes in the value of the variables.
d. A symmetrical relationship's variables both have a predictable effect on one another; in a non-symmetrical relationship, this is untrue.
e. A symmetrical relationship is represented by a curve, whereas a nonsymmetrical relationship is represented by a straight line.
ANS: A, D
Relationships may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. A symmetrical relationship is complex and contains two statements, such as if A changes, B will change; if B changes, A will change. The relationship between concepts in a symmetrical relationship is like a two-way street with influence going in both directions. Symmetrical relationships may also be called reciprocal or reversible. In an asymmetrical relationship, if A or changes, then B will or change; however, the reverse is not necessarily true: there may be no indication that if B changes, A will change. An asymmetrical relationship is not reversible (Fawcett, 1999). The relationship between concepts in an asymmetrical relationship is like a one-way street, with influence going only in one direction.
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