A 24-year-old unrestrained driver who sustained multiple traumatic injuries from a motor vehicle crash has a blood pressure of 80/60 mm Hg at the scene. The primary survey of this patient upon arrival to the ED:
a. includes a cervical spine x-ray study to determine the presence of a fracture.
b. involves turning the patient from side to side to get a look at his back.
c. is done quickly in the first few minutes to get a baseline assessment and establish priorities.
d. is a methodical head-to-toe assessment identifying injuries and treatment priorities.
C
The primary survey is a systematic rapid assessment of the patient's airway with cervical spine immobilization, breathing and ventilation, circulation with hemorrhage control, disability or neurological status, and exposure/environmental considerations. The secondary survey is more methodical and involves identifying injuries and specific treatment priorities.
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