Which theory characterizes youth gangs as the result of a formation of a peer group that actively opposes middle-class mainstream norms of nonviolent behavior through the creation of a hypermasculine, aggressive subculture?
a. Deviant culture
b. Routine activities
c. Labeling
d. Subculture of violence
d. Subculture of violence
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Riots are a common part of prison life
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Non-specific methods of impeachment include:
a. Sensory and mental capacity b. Bias/prejudice motivation c. Truth and veracity challenges d. All of the above
Who coined the term "white-collar crime," which is a social science construct that has transcended its academic roots and entered the public lexicon?
A. Upton Sinclair B. John D. Rockefeller C. Charles Ponzi D. Edwin Sutherland
An academic who studies why males commit more crimes than females would be working in the ______ discipline.
A. victimology B. penology C. criminology D. criminal justice