The most critical difference between global nucleotide excision repair (NER) and transcription-coupled repair (TCR) is:
A. the initiation step; in NER the XPC protein recognizes the damage but in TCR it is the RNA polymerase that recognizes the damage.
B. the excision step; NER uses UvrC (exinuclease) to nick the DNA but TCR uses the AP endonuclease.
C. the removal step; NER uses UvrD (helicase) to unwind and release the damaged strand but in TCR the damaged strand is degraded by Pol I.
D. the final step; NER uses Pol I and ligase to fill the gap but TCR uses Pol III and ligase.
E. None of the choices given is correct.
A
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The axon branches of a typical neuron terminate at structures called
A) synapses. B) boutons. C) glia. D) nodes of Ranvier. E) myelin sheath.
Virulent viruses multiply within infected cells and eventually
A. cause an alternation of generations in the host cell, releasing new viruses. B. cause the transformation of the host cell, releasing new viruses. C. cause lysis of the host cell, releasing new viruses. D. cause the transduction of the host cell, releasing new viruses. E. cause a transfer of material from the host cell, releasing new viruses.
What is the function of the phloem in plants?
a. To transport sap b. To transport nutrients c. To transport dissolved sugars d. To transport water and food e. To transport water and minerals
The advantages of DNA vaccines include
a. no possibility of infection. b. activation of T and B cells. c. targeted immune response. d. all of the above.