When a strong acid is added to the bicarbonate buffer system, what is the result?
a. Strong base and neutral salt
b. Strong acid and neutral salt
c. Weak acid and neutral salt
d. Weak acid and basic salt
ANS: C
If hydrogen chloride, a strong acid, is added to the H2CO3/NaHCO3 buffer solution, HCO3– ions react with the added H+ ions to form weaker carbonic acid molecules and a neutral salt:
HCl + H2CO3/Na+HCO3– 2H2CO3 + NaCl
The strong acidity of HCl is converted to the relatively weak acidity of H2CO3, preventing a large decrease in pH.
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