Describe how hydrogen ion secretion is linked to bicarbonate ion reabsorption
What will be an ideal response?
Hydrogen ions secreted from the proximal tubule into the filtrate by a Na+/H+ antiporter combine with bicarbonate ions to form carbonic acid inside the lumen. Carbonic acid is converted, via carbonic anhydrase, to carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide diffusing into the tubule cell recombines with water and is converted back into carbonic acid, which is then converted to bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate ions are transported into the interstitial fluid and then move into the blood, thus being reabsorbed.
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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1, Hormonal control of endocrine function is determined by other hormones. 2. Negative feedback rushes to a process to completion. 3. Chemosensitive control of endocrine function is regulated by changes in extracellular fluid. 4. The hypothalamus is controlled by negative feedback. 5. Neural control of endocrine function is determined by the arrival of neurotransmitter at a neuroglandular synapse.
A patient with severe Crohn's disease undergoes resection of her terminal ileum
After recovering from the surgery, she develops chronic diarrhea that is treated effectively with cholestyramine (a resin that can bind bile acids). Assuming her Crohn's disease has not recurred, the diarrhea in the patient can most likely be attributed to loss of which of the following membrane proteins? A. SGLT1 B. CFTR C. NBC1 D. Na+,K+-ATPase E. ASBT
During a swallow, the ________ has to keep food out of the airways.
A. epiglottis B. esophagus C. cardiac sphincter D. tongue
Which of the following is not considered a "special movement" that occurs at only certain joints?
a) Depression b) Protraction c) Elevation d) Supination e) All of these are special movements