Nicotine from cigarette smoke acts as a ligand and associates with specific cells in the nervous system. Nicotine eventually produces feelings of pleasure and well-being. Below are the events that happen in the cellular response to nicotine
Place the events in the correct order to describe the five basic steps in the pathway of a signal transduction system (receptor binding, receptor activation, signal transduction and amplification, response, and
termination).
A) The acetylcholine receptor is an ion channel, and, when a ligand binds, the ion channel
opens.
B) An influx of ions causes an action potential, which carries the signal to the reward areas of
the brain.
C) Nicotine binds to the transmembrane protein that normally binds the neurotransmitter
acetylcholine.
D) The signal causes release of dopamine in the brain, which causes good feelings.
E) Nicotine is quickly eliminated from the body (causing cravings for more cigarettes to
produce good feelings).
A. C, A, B, D, E
B. A, D, B, C, E
C. B, A, C, D, E
D. C, D, B, A, E
A
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