Discuss the concept “Cognitive-Dissonance” and the implications on career counseling.
What will be an ideal response?
Response needs to include the following: The definition of Cognitive-Dissonance:a state in which an individual is struggling with two incompatible cognitions and changes one. The implications on the counseling situation are that it is important for counselors to identify factors that can increase occupational dissonance; Counselors should develop strategies to deal with dissonance; and Counselors can help clients avoid making a premature choice.
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Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Approximately plus and minus two standard deviations in a distribution of scores defines about 99% of all cases.
2. Z-scores start at a value of zero and extend infinitely.
3. The formula 
can be used to calculate the standard deviation of an interval level data set.
4. There is no way a social science researcher can determine a value for the dispersion of nominal data.
Group leaders do not provide structure for their groups and are actually leaders in name only
a. authoritarian b. democratic c. authoritative d. laissez-faire
The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapy, according to Person Centered theorists, include all EXCEPT
a. therapist genuineness b. unconditional acceptance of the client's behavior c. understanding of the client's experience d. all of the above are necessary and sufficient conditions
Action research studies focus on problems
a. presented by parents. b. that can only be fixed with tangible solutions. c. in the real world. d. that occur from lack of action.