Shortly after fertilization, successive cell divisions convert the zygote into a multicellular embryo during a process
known as ____.
a. meiosis
b. parthenogenesis
c. gastrulation
d. cleavage
e. blastulation
ANSWER: d
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If the innate immune response is not effective in neutralizing a threat, what form of immune response occurs next?
a. production of antibodies by T cells b. phagocytosis by neutrophils c. natural killer cells respond to sites of inflammation d. antigen detection by antibodies e. phagocytosis of MHC markers
Distinguish between diurnal, nocturnal, and crepuscular animals, and give an example of each. What will be an ideal response?
During the late 1800s, cattle egrets arrived in South America from Africa and began to colonize. Their range has expanded dramatically over the years. Why were they able to do this?
A. The habitats that they left in Africa were not suitable for any further colonization; thus, they were forced to emigrate. B. The habitats that they encountered in South America were suitable to them and unoccupied. C. The food resources in South America were far superior to those in Africa, allowing the egrets more opportunity to grow and reproduce and ultimately expand their range. D. There were abundant cattle for the birds to gather around in South America; furthermore, various animals that the egrets had lived around in Africa had become quite scarce because of over hunting and poaching, causing the birds to extend their range.
The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of ________ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction.
A. coenzymes B. enzymes C. cofactors D. ATP E. vitamins