A couple who has a preconception consultation with a nurse practitioner state that they each have a cousin with cystic fibrosis. They are concerned that their child will be at risk for cystic fibrosis. What type genetic disorder is cystic fibrosis?
A) Autosomal dominant
B) Mitochondrial inheritance
C) X-linked inheritance
D) Autosomal recessive
Ans: D
Feedback: Cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive. Nurses also consider extended family when assessing the risk for genetic conditions in couples and families. For example, when obtaining a preconception or prenatal family history, the nurse asks if the prospective parents have common ancestors. This is important to know, because people who are related have more genes in common than those who are unrelated, thus increasing their chance for having children with autosomal recessive inherited conditions such as cystic fibrosis. Autosomal dominant is an X-linked dominant genetic disease. Mitochondrial inheritance occurs with defects in energy conversion and affects the nervous system, kidney, muscle and liver. X-linked inheritance affects males who have inherited a mutant allele from their mother.
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