Answer the following questions true (T) or false (F)

1. Hydrogen ion secretion leads to bicarbonate ions reabsorption in order to maintain proper blood pH balance.

2. Since the thin descending limb of the nephron loop is permeable to water, and not very permeable to solutes, the concentration of the filtrate will increase as it reaches the bottom of the loop.

3. The juxtamedullary apparatus acts as a special vascular system called the countercurrent exchanger.


1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE

Anatomy & Physiology

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Which type(s) of muscle tissue is/are involuntary?

A. Smooth B. Skeletal C. Cardiac D. Both cardiac and smooth are involuntary.

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Salivary glands are glandular acinar cells that produce a water fluid. This cell type is most predominant in which of the following glands?

(a) oesophageal glands (b) intestinal glands (of liehenur) (c) the parotid gland (d) the sublingual gland (e) the submandibular gland

Anatomy & Physiology

In the light-adapted state,

-colors are dull. -we would see better in the dark. -photoreceptors are much less sensitive to stimulation. -photoreceptors are much more sensitive to stimulation. -we can only see color, and not black and white.

Anatomy & Physiology

Chemically, a radioactive isotope behaves the same way as the stable isotopes of a given element.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Anatomy & Physiology