During a health screening, the nurse analyzes that which client is at the highest risk for back problems?
Select all that apply.
A) 45-year-old man who plays golf three times a week for 20 years
B) 18-year-old girl who is a distance track runner since middle school
C) 62-year-old heavy truck mechanic with a body mass index (BMI) of 30
D) 12-year-old boy with a history of cerebral palsy with a BMI of 21
E) 78-year-old man with a 40 pack-year smoking history who is recently widowed
Answer: C, D, E
Herniated intervertebral disks are more common in clients who are men, over age 50, smokers, and obese, and who experience regular heavy lifting. Adolescent boys between the ages of 9 and 15 are at greatest risk for developing scoliosis. Playing golf and running track do not cause a high risk of back problems.
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