Briefly contrast the dideoxy DNA sequencing developed by Fred Sanger with pyrosequencing methods
What will be an ideal response?
Dideoxy DNA sequencing involves use of altered (dideoxy) nucleotides that cause termination of replication at each site where such a nucleotide is inserted. The pyrosequencing method does not require chain termination. All four deoxynucleotide precursors are present at all times in the dideoxy sequencing reaction, whereas, only one is present at a time in the pyrosequencing reaction. The DNA template is immobilized on a bead in pyrosequencing, and the method of detection is the production of light by utilizing the pyrophosphate produced after the incorporation of a nucleotide. In the dideoxy method, the DNA template is not immobilized and the sequence is read with the help of fluorescent dyes attached to the dideoxy nucleotide molecules.
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Degradation of organic matter is influenced by ________.
A. nutrient availability B. the nature of the microbial community present C. abiotic conditions D. All of the choices are correct.
Over evolutionary time, flowering plants have
evolved colors, odors, and nectar that attract pollinating insects and the insects have evolved mechanisms that detect the changes in plants and to better collect pollen. This is an example of
a. exaptation. b. phylogenetic change. c. coevolution. d. convergent evolution. e. sympatric speciation
Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin A deficiency?
A) blindness B) severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) C) anemia D) blood doping E) diabetes
Trait SpeciesABCDE101111200111310101401111500001610101The table shows the distribution of traits (A-E) in six extant species (1-6). A "0" indicates the ancestral condition, and a "1" indicates the derived condition. Which species would you designate as the outgroup?
A. 1 B. 4 C. 2 D. 3 E. 5